很多人好像都對這個時態有疑問
主要是因為不太確定什麼時候要用它
過去完成式的基本句型為: 主詞 + had p.p.
不管什麼人稱都一樣
它通常是用在講一件比過去某件事還要更早發生的事
表示"在那之前已經..."
或是指在過去某件事前, 就已持續一段時間的動作或狀態
總之它通常會牽涉到另一件過去的事作為前提, 或參考點
比如說
"我是五年前開始在這裡上班的"
I started working here five years ago.
"五年前"當然用過去簡單式, 這大家應該都懂
但若繼續說: "在我來這裡上班之前, 我在銀行工作過三年"
Before I started working here, I had worked at a bank for three years.
"在銀行工作過三年"這件事是在"我來這裡上班"之前所發生的
所以這個部份就用過去完成式 had worked
再看兩個例子:
"比爾上個月結婚了"
Bill got married last month.
"在他結婚前, 他交過很多女朋友"
He had had a lot of girlfriends before he got married.
"我今天早上七點就出門了"
I left home at seven this moring.
"在我出門前, 我已經把早餐做好了"
Before I left home, I had (already) made breakfast.
這樣大家有沒有比較懂了呢?
記得: 用過去完成式通常是為了強調事件的先後順序
如果並沒有要強調哪件事先發生, 那麼兩件事都用平舖直敍的過去簡單式也可以
比如前面的例子, 其實我們也可以說:
Before I started working here, I worked for a bank for five years.
He had a lot of girlfriends before he got married.
或 Before I left home, I made breakfast.
但語氣上就只是單純地陳述事實
而沒有要強調"在...之前已/就..."的意味了
這個時態在句型上並沒有任何人稱的變化,所以沒有額外供下載的練習題
但這裡給大家一個過去式的綜合練習
是我之前為 EZ Talk 的翻譯單元出的
大家一起 來做做看吧!
用過去簡單式、過去進行式或過去完成式填入適當的動詞:
1. Henry ____________ (start) working for his father three years ago. Before that, he _______________ (never, have) a job.
2. Something _________________ (burn) when I got home from work. I rushed to the kitchen and found a pot of meat on the stove. Apparently, my mother _________________ (forget) to turn it off before she ____________ (go) to the store.
3. You _________________ (not, pick) up the phone when I ____________ (call). __________ you __________ (sleep)?
4. Mr. Wilson _______________ (always, want) to visit Paris before he retired. However, he __________ (be) very disappointed after he _______________ (go) there last year.
5. The driver _______________ (doze) off when he _______________ (hit) a boy on a bike.
6. Where _______ you __________ (put) the batteries? I _______________ (buy) some just the other day and _______________ (give) them to you, remember?
7. When we _______________ (arrive) at the restaurant, they _______________ (already, leave).
8. The famous writer ________________ (die) last week. It is said that he _______________ (type) up his last book when he suddenly ______________ (have) a heart attack. Before receiving a lifetime achievement award last month, he _______________ (publish) over 20 books.
(Answers: (1) started, had never had 或 never had (2) was burning, had forgotten 或 forgot, went (3) didn’t pick, Were, sleeping (4) had always wanted 或 always wanted, was, went (5) was dozing, hit (6) did, put, bought, gave (7) arrived, had already left (8) died, was typing, had, had published)
主要是因為不太確定什麼時候要用它
過去完成式的基本句型為: 主詞 + had p.p.
不管什麼人稱都一樣
它通常是用在講一件比過去某件事還要更早發生的事
表示"在那之前已經..."
或是指在過去某件事前, 就已持續一段時間的動作或狀態
總之它通常會牽涉到另一件過去的事作為前提, 或參考點
比如說
"我是五年前開始在這裡上班的"
I started working here five years ago.
"五年前"當然用過去簡單式, 這大家應該都懂
但若繼續說: "在我來這裡上班之前, 我在銀行工作過三年"
Before I started working here, I had worked at a bank for three years.
"在銀行工作過三年"這件事是在"我來這裡上班"之前所發生的
所以這個部份就用過去完成式 had worked
再看兩個例子:
"比爾上個月結婚了"
Bill got married last month.
"在他結婚前, 他交過很多女朋友"
He had had a lot of girlfriends before he got married.
"我今天早上七點就出門了"
I left home at seven this moring.
"在我出門前, 我已經把早餐做好了"
Before I left home, I had (already) made breakfast.
這樣大家有沒有比較懂了呢?
記得: 用過去完成式通常是為了強調事件的先後順序
如果並沒有要強調哪件事先發生, 那麼兩件事都用平舖直敍的過去簡單式也可以
比如前面的例子, 其實我們也可以說:
Before I started working here, I worked for a bank for five years.
He had a lot of girlfriends before he got married.
或 Before I left home, I made breakfast.
但語氣上就只是單純地陳述事實
而沒有要強調"在...之前已/就..."的意味了
這個時態在句型上並沒有任何人稱的變化,所以沒有額外供下載的練習題
但這裡給大家一個過去式的綜合練習
是我之前為 EZ Talk 的翻譯單元出的
大家一起 來做做看吧!
用過去簡單式、過去進行式或過去完成式填入適當的動詞:
1. Henry ____________ (start) working for his father three years ago. Before that, he _______________ (never, have) a job.
2. Something _________________ (burn) when I got home from work. I rushed to the kitchen and found a pot of meat on the stove. Apparently, my mother _________________ (forget) to turn it off before she ____________ (go) to the store.
3. You _________________ (not, pick) up the phone when I ____________ (call). __________ you __________ (sleep)?
4. Mr. Wilson _______________ (always, want) to visit Paris before he retired. However, he __________ (be) very disappointed after he _______________ (go) there last year.
5. The driver _______________ (doze) off when he _______________ (hit) a boy on a bike.
6. Where _______ you __________ (put) the batteries? I _______________ (buy) some just the other day and _______________ (give) them to you, remember?
7. When we _______________ (arrive) at the restaurant, they _______________ (already, leave).
8. The famous writer ________________ (die) last week. It is said that he _______________ (type) up his last book when he suddenly ______________ (have) a heart attack. Before receiving a lifetime achievement award last month, he _______________ (publish) over 20 books.
(Answers: (1) started, had never had 或 never had (2) was burning, had forgotten 或 forgot, went (3) didn’t pick, Were, sleeping (4) had always wanted 或 always wanted, was, went (5) was dozing, hit (6) did, put, bought, gave (7) arrived, had already left (8) died, was typing, had, had published)
