首頁部落格分類Jonathan的課程
時態 - 過去完成式
文法
時態 - 過去完成式
Teacher Sammy
Teacher Sammy
November 26, 2009
1 min
很多人好像都對這個時態有疑問
主要是因為不太確定什麼時候要用它
過去完成式的基本句型為: 主詞 + had p.p.
不管什麼人稱都一樣
它通常是用在講一件比過去某件事還要更早發生的事
表示"在那之前已經..."
或是指在過去某件事前, 就已持續一段時間的動作或狀態
總之它通常會牽涉到另一件過去的事作為前提, 或參考點
比如說
"我是五年前開始在這裡上班的"
I started working here five years ago.
"五年前"當然用過去簡單式, 這大家應該都懂
但若繼續說: "在我來這裡上班之前, 我在銀行工作過三年"
Before I started working here, I had worked at a bank for three years.
"在銀行工作過三年"這件事是在"我來這裡上班"之前所發生的
所以這個部份就用過去完成式 had worked
再看兩個例子:
"比爾上個月結婚了"
Bill got married last month.
"在他結婚前, 他交過很多女朋友"
He had had a lot of girlfriends before he got married.
"我今天早上七點就出門了"
I left home at seven this moring.
"在我出門前, 我已經把早餐做好了"
Before I left home, I had (already) made breakfast.
這樣大家有沒有比較懂了呢?
記得: 用過去完成式通常是為了強調事件的先後順序
如果並沒有要強調哪件事先發生, 那麼兩件事都用平舖直敍的過去簡單式也可以
比如前面的例子, 其實我們也可以說:
Before I started working here, I worked for a bank for five years.
He had a lot of girlfriends before he got married.
Before I left home, I made breakfast.
但語氣上就只是單純地陳述事實
而沒有要強調"...之前已/..."的意味了
這個時態在句型上並沒有任何人稱的變化,所以沒有額外供下載的練習題
但這裡給大家一個過去式的綜合練習
是我之前為 EZ Talk 的翻譯單元出的
大家一起來做做看吧!
用過去簡單式、過去進行式或過去完成式填入適當的動詞:
1. Henry ____________ (start) working for his father three years ago. Before that, he _______________ (never, have) a job.

2. Something _________________ (burn) when I got home from work. I rushed to the kitchen and found a pot of meat on the stove. Apparently, my mother _________________ (forget) to turn it off before she ____________ (go) to the store.

3. You _________________ (not, pick) up the phone when I ____________ (call). __________ you __________ (sleep)?

4. Mr. Wilson _______________ (always, want) to visit Paris before he retired. However, he __________ (be) very disappointed after he _______________ (go) there last year.

5. The driver _______________ (doze) off when he _______________ (hit) a boy on a bike.

6. Where _______ you __________ (put) the batteries? I _______________ (buy) some just the other day and _______________ (give) them to you, remember?

7. When we _______________ (arrive) at the restaurant, they _______________ (already, leave).

8. The famous writer ________________ (die) last week. It is said that he _______________ (type) up his last book when he suddenly ______________ (have) a heart attack. Before receiving a lifetime achievement award last month, he _______________ (publish) over 20 books.


(Answers: (1) started, had never had never had (2) was burning, had forgotten forgot, went (3) didn’t pick, Were, sleeping (4) had always wanted always wanted, was, went (5) was dozing, hit (6) did, put, bought, gave (7) arrived, had already left (8) died, was typing, had, had published)

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Teacher Sammy

Teacher Sammy

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